Bacon: Uncover the History, Curing, and Smoking

What is bacon? It’s a delicious meat product made from pork. But how did it come to be?

Bacon is a meat product made from pork. It’s known for its distinctive taste and crispy texture. It’s been enjoyed by people for centuries and remains popular today. 

In this article, I’ll tell you everything you need to know about bacon, from its history to its uses today.

What Part of the Animal is Bacon?

Bacon is a specific cut of meat that is known for its long, thin slices and good flavor. People have been enjoying bacon for a long time, and it remains a popular choice for many. But what part of the pig does bacon actually come from?

There are actually several types of bacon available, each related to a specific cut of pork. The most familiar types of bacon are made from the belly and the loin areas of the pig. These cuts are typically sold in packs of thin or thick slices, and can be purchased fresh or cured.

The Belly Cut

The belly cut is the traditional cut used for making bacon in the United States. This cut contains a good amount of fat, which offers potential health benefits for those who want to indulge in bacon without compromising their personal choices. The belly cut is typically cured and smoked to give it the familiar flavor and appearance that people love.

The Loin Cut

In addition to the belly cut, bacon can also be made from the loin area of the pig. This cut is typically leaner than the belly, which means that it contains fewer grams of fat and more protein. Loin bacon is often referred to as Canadian bacon, and it has a slightly different flavor and appearance than traditional bacon.

Imitation Bacon

For those who want to enjoy the flavor of bacon without actually eating pork, there are also imitation bacon products available. These products are typically made from turkey or beef and are sold in a variety of forms, including slices and bits. While they may offer some of the nutritional benefits of real bacon, they do not maintain the same flavor or texture.

In conclusion, bacon is a delicious and popular food that can be made from a variety of cuts of pork. Whether you prefer the traditional belly cut or the leaner loin cut, there are plenty of options available for bacon lovers. And for those who want to indulge in the flavor of bacon without compromising their personal choices, there are also imitation bacon products available.

The History of Bacon

Bacon has been around for thousands of years, with the Chinese being credited with creating the first form of bacon. They were the first to domesticate pigs and raise them for their meat. The Chinese also learned the art of curing pork bellies, which is the early form of bacon.

In Europe, there is speculation that the Romans and Greeks also learned how to cure pork bellies. However, the first recorded appearance of bacon in Europe was in the Middle English term “bacoun,” which referred to all pork in general.

Industrial Production

Bacon was traditionally produced on local farms for domestic consumption. However, with the opening of the first commercial processing plant in Wiltshire, England in 1770 by John Harris, bacon production became industrialized.

Today, bacon is still produced on both industrial and local farms. However, the industrial production of bacon has led to concerns about the use of additives and the treatment of animals. As a result, many people prefer to buy bacon from local farms that use more natural methods of production.

Bacon in Modern Times

Despite the concerns about industrial production, bacon remains a popular food around the world. It is used in a variety of dishes, from breakfast to burgers, and even in desserts. Bacon has also become a cultural icon, with bacon-themed merchandise and festivals popping up all over the world.

In conclusion, bacon has a long and storied history, dating back thousands of years to China and Europe. While the industrial production of bacon has raised concerns, it remains a beloved food that shows no signs of losing its popularity anytime soon.

The Art of Curing and Smoking Bacon

Curing is a means of preserving meat, and bacon is no exception. It is commonly known that bacon comes from pork belly, but what exactly goes into the curing process? Here are a few notes:

• Curing is the process of preserving meat by using a mixture of ingredients that can include salt, sugar, and nitrates or nitrites.
• The curing mixture is rubbed onto the fresh pork belly, which is then placed in a bag and cured for several days.
• Once cured, the belly is rinsed and dried, and a seal is formed to preserve the meat.

What is the Difference Between Cured and Uncured Bacon?

• Cured bacon is preserved with a mixture of ingredients that can include nitrates or nitrites, which help to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and lengthen the shelf life of the meat.
• Uncured bacon is not preserved with nitrates or nitrites, but instead relies on other methods such as using a salt rub or packing the meat in a vacuum-sealed bag to preserve it.
• While uncured bacon may sound healthier, it is important to note that the lack of nitrates or nitrites can cause the formation of harmful bacteria and foodborne illness if not properly preserved.

How to Cure and Smoke Bacon at Home

If you’re feeling a little adventurous and want to try your hand at curing and smoking bacon at home, here are a few things to keep in mind:

• Use a recipe that has been tested and proven safe.
• Allow enough time for the curing and smoking process, which can take several days or even weeks.
• Make sure to use the proper equipment, including a smoker and a meat thermometer.
• Test the bacon for doneness by checking the internal temperature, which should be around 150°F.
• Experiment with different flavors and tastes by using different wood chips or adding spices to the curing mixture. Some popular flavors include maple, applewood, and hickory.
• Don’t be afraid to add a little liquid to the smoking process to boost the flavor and tenderize the meat.

Cuts

The pig is divided into four primal cuts: the shoulder, loin, belly, and hind. Bacon is typically taken from the belly, but it can also be made from other cuts, such as the collar or jowl. Here are some of the specific cuts of pork that are used to make bacon:

• Pork belly: This is the most common cut of pork used to make bacon. It contains alternating layers of muscle and fat running parallel to each other. It is generally sold in slices or as a slab.

• Collar: This cut is taken from the pig’s neck and is leaner than the belly. It is typically tied into an oval shape and sold as a whole piece.

• Jowl: This cut comes from the cheek of the pig and is exceptionally fatty. It is typically used in Italian cuisine to make guanciale, which is a seasoned and dry-cured meat.

• Cottage bacon: This type of bacon is made from the leaner cuts of pork, such as the shoulder or loin. It is typically sold in rolled cylinders and is unsmoked.

Curing and Smoking

Regardless of the cut, all bacon is cured and smoked. The curing process involves rubbing the meat with a mixture of salt, sugar, and other seasonings. The meat is then left to cure for a specific amount of time, which can vary depending on the type of bacon being made.

After the curing process, the bacon is smoked. This gives it a strong, smoky flavor and helps to preserve it. The length of time the bacon is smoked can also vary depending on the type of bacon being made.

Uncooked vs. Cooked

Bacon can be purchased in both uncooked and cooked forms. Uncooked bacon is raw and needs to be cooked before consumption. Cooked bacon, on the other hand, has already been cooked and can be eaten straight out of the package.

Nutritional Information

Bacon is high in fat and calories, but it also contains important nutrients such as protein and vitamin B12. Here are some key nutritional facts about bacon:

• A 3.5-ounce serving of bacon contains 42 grams of fat and 541 calories.
• Bacon is also high in sodium, with a 3.5-ounce serving containing 1,480 milligrams of sodium.
• The cholesterol content of bacon varies depending on the cut and preparation method.
• Bacon is a good source of energy, with a 3.5-ounce serving containing 5.4 grams of food energy.

Uses

Bacon is a versatile food that can be used in a variety of dishes. Here are some popular uses for bacon:

• Breakfast: Bacon is a staple of the classic American breakfast.
• Sandwiches: Bacon is a popular addition to sandwiches, such as the BLT.
• Salads: Bacon can be used to add flavor and texture to salads.
• Appetizers: Bacon-wrapped appetizers are a popular party food.
• Side dishes: Bacon can be used to add flavor to side dishes, such as green beans or Brussels sprouts.

Local Variations

Bacon differs from country to country and even from region to region. Here are some examples of local variations of bacon:

• United Kingdom and Ireland: In these countries, bacon is typically made from the back or loin of the pig and is leaner than American bacon. It is often sold in rashers, which are similar to slices.
• Pancetta: This Italian bacon is made from the belly of the pig and is typically sold in thin slices. It is unsmoked and seasoned with salt, pepper, and other spices.
• Cache bacon: This type of bacon is made from the hog ankle joint and is popular in the southern United States.
• Side bacon: This is the most common type of bacon in North America and is made from the pork belly.
• Ham bacon: This type of bacon is made from the hind leg of the pig and is similar to ham in texture and flavor.

Bacon Varieties Around the World

In the United States, bacon is typically cut from pork belly and smoked. The most popular type of bacon is the regular cut, but there are also thin and thick cuts available. Maple bacon is a new and increasingly popular variety on the market. Bacon is a main feature in American breakfast and is also used by chefs to improve the taste of certain dishes. Bacon is sold in slices and is usually eaten with eggs.

Canada

In Canada, bacon usually refers to back bacon, which is cut from the middle section of the loin. This type of bacon is also known as Canadian bacon or peameal bacon. It is unsmoked and cured in a variety of ways. The unique feature of Canadian bacon is that it is rolled in cornmeal, creating a little crust. Canadian bacon is typically roasted and served in slices. Other varieties of bacon in Canada include regular smoked bacon and maple bacon.

Germany

In Germany, bacon is known as speck and is typically eaten cold. Germans prefer to eat their bacon sliced thin and served with bread or in soups. Instead of bacon, Germans also eat ham, which is a cured meat made from the pork leg. The term “bacon” in Germany is generally used to refer to smoked pork belly.

United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, bacon is sold in rashers, which are slices of bacon. The most popular type of bacon is back bacon, which is cut from the loin. Other types of bacon in the UK include streaky bacon, which is cut from the belly, and middle bacon, which is a combination of back and streaky bacon. Bacon is a popular ingredient in sandwiches and is also served as part of a traditional English breakfast.

Japan

In Japan, bacon is sliced thin and is typically eaten with eggs. The Japanese also use bacon in savory broth and soups. The term “bacon” in Japan is used to refer to any type of cured meat that is sliced thin.

China

In China, bacon is known as lop yuk or yuk gyup and is typically eaten in small pieces. Chinese diners enjoy bacon in soup and also use it as a flavoring in recipes. Bacon is a popular ingredient in Chinese cuisine and is often used instead of lard or pancetta.

Korea

In Korea, bacon is known as samgyeopsal and is typically served in small pieces. Koreans enjoy bacon in soup and also use it as a flavoring in recipes. Bacon is a popular ingredient in Korean cuisine and is often used instead of lard or salé.

Bacon Dishes: From Regular Slices to Sinful Desserts

Bacon is a breakfast staple that can be enjoyed in many ways. Here are some classic dishes that include bacon:

• Bacon and eggs: A classic breakfast dish that includes bacon, fried or scrambled eggs, and toast.
• BLT sandwich: A sandwich made with bacon, lettuce, and tomato, and often included with mayonnaise.
• Bacon cheeseburger: A burger with a slice of bacon and melted cheese on top.

Bacon as a Snack or Appetizer

Bacon can be a great choice for a snack or appetizer. Here are some ideas to try:

• Bacon-wrapped dates: Dates stuffed with goat cheese and wrapped in bacon.
• Loaded bacon fries: French fries topped with bacon, cheese, and sour cream.
• Bacon-wrapped asparagus: Asparagus spears wrapped in bacon and cooked until crispy.

Bacon in Desserts and Cocktails

Bacon can even be included in desserts and cocktails for a sweet and salty flavor. Here are some recipes to try:

• Bacon brownies: Brownies packed with bacon and folded into the batter for a sinful and delicious dessert.
• Bacon-wrapped dates with horseradish: A cocktail hors d’oeuvre that includes bacon-wrapped dates with a horseradish and cream cheese spread.
• Chocolate bacon cocktail: A cocktail made with dark chocolate, bacon-infused bourbon, and unsweetened cocoa.
• Dulce de leche bacon brownies: Brownies flavored with brown sugar, bacon, and dulce de leche for an absolutely wonderful dessert.

No matter the occasion, there’s always an excuse to turn to bacon for flavor. From the ultimate bacon fanatics to those who just love a regular slice, bacon dishes are a huge challenge to resist.

Bacon Fat: The Popular and Flavorful Byproduct of Bacon

Bacon fat, also known as bacon grease, is the additional product that comes from cooking bacon strips. It is a traditional American method of cooking and has been a national favorite for a long time. Despite the increase in health concerns, bacon fat remains a popular ingredient in many dishes due to its unique flavor and versatility.

The Composition and Nutritional Value of Bacon Fat

Bacon fat is composed of roughly 40% saturated fat, 45% monounsaturated fat, and 10% polyunsaturated fat. The nutritional value of bacon fat is disputed, but it is known to be high in calories, with one teaspoon containing around 40 calories. Despite its high-calorie count, bacon fat is a good source of vitamin D and can provide a flavorful base for many dishes.

Methods of Preservation and Storage

Bacon fat firms up at room temperature and liquefies when heated. To preserve bacon fat, it can be saved in a jar or container and stored in the fridge for up to six months or in the freezer for up to a year. Bacon fat can also be used for frying, roasting, or as a spread.

Uses of Bacon Fat in Cooking

Bacon fat is a versatile ingredient that can be used in many dishes, including:

• Salad dressings
• Gravy base
• Soups and stews
• Baking
• Traditional German dishes like Griebenschmalz
• Southern cuisine
• Barding, a technique consisting of laying or wrapping fats around lean game or beef filet before cooking
• Wrapping and preparing meats like chicken or pork chops

Sarah Stickney Ellis, in her early 19th-century book “The Women of England,” suggests using bacon fat as a reference for cooking, stating that “a million housewives can testify to its merits.” Bacon fat is also a popular ingredient in British and Canadian cuisine and has seen an increase in popularity in recent years, dubbed as a “new” ingredient.

Health Risks and Excessive Consumption

Despite its popularity, excessive consumption of bacon fat can pose health risks due to its high-calorie count and saturated fat content. However, when consumed in moderation, bacon fat can provide a flavorful addition to many dishes.

Nutritional Value of Bacon

• One slice of bacon (about 8 grams) contains around 43 calories.
• A small serving of bacon (3 slices) provides a decent amount of protein (9 grams) and fat (12 grams).
• Bacon is fairly high in saturated fat, which can increase the risk of heart disease if consumed in large amounts.
• A medium cut of bacon contains around 3 grams of protein and 4 grams of fat.

Vitamins and Minerals

• Bacon is not a highly nutritious item, but it does contain certain vitamins and minerals.
• One serving of bacon (3 slices) provides 5% of the daily recommended intake of vitamin B-12 and 1% of vitamin D.
• Bacon also contains small amounts of potassium, calcium, and iron.
• However, the sodium content in bacon is quite high, with one serving providing 29% of the daily recommended intake.

Health Benefits and Concerns

• Bacon is a popular choice for many people, but it is important to keep in mind its potential health risks.
• Eating too much bacon can significantly increase the risk of heart disease and other health problems.
• However, when taken in small amounts and as part of a balanced diet, bacon can provide a solid boost of protein and other vital nutrients.
• Certain types and brands of bacon, such as maple or Canadian bacon, may be a better option as they contain lower amounts of fat and sodium.
• Turkey bacon is also a popular alternative for those watching their fat and calorie intake.
• People with a pork allergy or allergic symptoms should avoid eating bacon and other pork products.
• The United States dietary guidelines recommend limiting the intake of saturated fats, including those found in bacon, to improve overall health.

Bacon and Kidney Health

• Bacon is a meat-based food that contains a significant amount of protein and sodium.
• High protein intake can cause an increase in kidney function, which can be harmful to those with kidney disease.
• The recommended daily intake of protein for adults is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight.
• Bacon should be eaten in moderation, and those with kidney disease should check with their doctor before adding it to their diet.

Bacon and Dietary Fiber

• Bacon is a fatty meat and does not contain any dietary fiber.
• The recommended daily intake of fiber for adults is 25 grams for women and 38 grams for men.
• Adding fiber-rich foods to a meal that includes bacon can help balance out the lack of fiber in the meat.
• Grocery stores offer fiber-based options that can be added to bacon-based meals to increase the fiber content.

Health Concerns Associated with Eating Bacon

While bacon is a perfect addition to any meal and is considered a favorite by many, it is important to watch your calorie intake when consuming it regularly. Bacon is a processed meat that is high in fat and calories, which means that eating too much of it can increase your risk of obesity, alcohol, and smoking-related diseases. Some of the biggest health risks associated with eating bacon include:

• Colon, stomach, prostate, and pancreatic cancers: Bacon and other processed meats have been linked to an increased risk of these types of cancers.
• Red meat consumption: Eating too much red meat, including pork belly, has been associated with an increased risk of dying from heart disease, cancer, and other health problems.
• Nitrates: Bacon and other processed meats often contain nitrates, which have been linked to an increased risk of cancer.

Healthier Alternatives to Bacon

If you’re watching your calorie intake or are a vegan, there are plenty of alternatives to bacon that are similar in taste and texture. Some of the best options include:

• Turkey bacon: Turkey bacon shares many of the downsides of regular bacon, but it is slightly lower in calories and fat.
• Marinated tempeh: This vegan option is marinated in a mixture of soy sauce, maple syrup, and liquid smoke, which gives it a similar taste to bacon.
• Smoked salmon: This tasty option is closely related to bacon in terms of taste and texture, but it is much lower in calories and fat.

The Perfect Pairing for Bacon

If you can’t imagine a meal without bacon, there are ways to make it healthier. Pairing bacon with plenty of fruits and vegetables and engaging in regular physical activity can help to lower your risk of health problems. Some of the best foods to pair with bacon include:

• Eggs and toast: This classic breakfast meal can be made healthier by using whole-grain bread and adding plenty of vegetables to your eggs.
• BLT sandwich: Instead of using lots of bacon, switch to a healthier alternative like marinated tempeh or smoked salmon and add plenty of produce to your sandwich.
• Bacon-wrapped produce: Instead of wrapping bacon around meat, try wrapping it around produce like asparagus or Brussels sprouts for a healthier option.

The Evidence Says

In October 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is part of the World Health Organization (WHO), named processed meat a Group 1 carcinogen, which means that there is strong evidence that it can cause cancer. Marji McCullough, a registered dietitian and director of nutritional epidemiology at the American Cancer Society, says that “the problem with bacon is usually the meal it’s in.” She suggests that pairing bacon with plenty of fruits and vegetables and engaging in regular physical activity can help to lower your risk of health problems.

Alternatives to Bacon

For those who want to avoid bacon entirely, there are several vegan and vegetarian alternatives available in the market. These substitutes are typically marketed as a protein-rich alternative to bacon and are a staple in many vegan and vegetarian diets. Some of the popular vegan and vegetarian bacon substitutes include:

Tofurky Smoky Maple Bacon

: This vegan bacon substitute is made with marinated tempeh and has a smoky flavor with a hint of maple. It is a popular choice among vegans and vegetarians.

Lightlife Smart Bacon

: This vegan bacon substitute is made with soy protein and has a similar texture to bacon. It is a low-fat and low-calorie alternative to bacon.

Sweet Earth Benevolent Bacon

: This vegan bacon substitute is made with seitan and has a smoky flavor. It is a popular choice among vegetarians and vegans who want a high-protein alternative to bacon.

Cool Foods Veggie Bacon Bits

: These vegan bacon bits are made with pinto beans and have a smoky flavor. They are a popular choice among vegans and vegetarians who want to add a bacon flavor to their dishes.

Religious and Health Restrictions

For those who cannot consume bacon due to religious or health restrictions, there are several alternatives available in the market. Some of the popular substitutes include:

Turkey Bacon

: This alternative is made from turkey and is a popular choice among those who cannot consume pork due to religious restrictions. It is also a low-fat and low-calorie alternative to bacon.

Beef Bacon

: This alternative is made from beef and is a popular choice among those who cannot consume pork due to religious restrictions. It has a similar texture to bacon and is a good substitute in dishes that require bacon.

Leaf and Strip Shooray Bacon

: This alternative is made from soy protein and has a similar texture to bacon. It is a popular choice among those who cannot consume pork due to health restrictions.

Expensive Alternatives

For those who want to try something different, there are several expensive alternatives available in the market. Some of the popular substitutes include:

Castle Bacon

: This bacon is made from Mangalitsa pigs and is one of the most expensive bacons in the market. It is a popular choice among food enthusiasts and retirees who want to indulge in high-end foods.

Trump Tower Las Vegas Bacon

This bacon is named after the Trump Tower in Las Vegas and is one of the most expensive bacons in the market. It is a popular choice among food enthusiasts who want to try something unique and high-end.

Ugly Buildings Bacon

This bacon is named after the ugliest buildings in different cities and is a popular choice among food enthusiasts who want to try something unique and quirky.

Best Bacon Substitute Recipe

For those who want to make their own bacon substitute at home, here is a popular recipe:

Ingredients:

1 cup of soy protein, 1/4 cup of maple syrup, 1/4 cup of soy sauce, 1/4 cup of liquid smoke, 1 tsp of garlic powder, 1 tsp of onion powder, 1 tsp of paprika, 1/4 tsp of black pepper.

Instructions:

Mix all the ingredients in a bowl and let it marinate for at least 30 minutes. Preheat the oven to 350°F and line a baking sheet with parchment paper. Spread the marinated soy protein on the baking sheet and bake for 20-25 minutes or until crispy. Let it cool and enjoy your homemade bacon substitute!

Conclusion

So there you have it, everything you need to know about bacon.  Bacon is delicious and can be enjoyed in many ways, whether it’s breakfast, lunch, or dinner!  It’s a great source of protein and can even be eaten as a snack!  So don’t be afraid to indulge in this beloved food!

Joost Nusselder, the founder of Lakeside Smokers is a content marketer, dad and loves trying out new food with BBQ Smoking (& Japanese food!) at the heart of his passion, and together with his team he's been creating in-depth blog articles since 2016 to help loyal readers with recipes and cooking tips.